PFMEA Control Gap: Control Plan Tools That Fail During Transition The PFMEA (Process Failure Mode and Effects Analysis) control gap is one of the most common root causes of quality failures in manufacturing. It occurs when the Process Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (PFMEA) indicates that risks are controlled, but actual shop-floor execution indicates otherwise.  […]

The Iterative Development Process in Modern Product Development The iterative development process is not a single activity or phase—it is a system of interconnected disciplines working together throughout the product lifecycle. The attached graphic illustrates this system as a set of interlocking gears, each representing a critical capability required to move from concept to successful […]

Deterministic vs Probabilistic: Definitions that Matter in Engineering In engineering, deterministic vs. probabilistic refers to how we model cause-and-effect relationships and uncertainty.  The difference between the two requires concepts that are important and should drive how we behave.  A deterministic view assumes that the same inputs will always produce the same output; given the system […]

APQP Testing Limitations in Automotive and Manufacturing Quality Advanced Product Quality Planning promises robust launches, but APQP testing limitations often emerge when teams equate “meets spec” with “fit for use.” APQP testing limitations become most evident when products pass all defined tests yet still fail in customer applications, field use, or long-term durability. The root cause […]

The ROI Trap in Equipment Maintenance Decisions It is cool when I hear engineers early in their career chat with me about their engineering, both design and manufacturing. about, well, I want to say face-palm moments.  One such example is when executives often ask for ROI on equipment maintenance numbers, even though the line has long […]

The Growing Myth of OTA Quick Fixes The automotive industry loves the promise of OTA software updates. The idea that misbehavior in the field can be “fixed remotely” has become part of both product strategy and marketing. Industry voices often proclaim, “If something goes wrong, we’ll just push an update.” Yet, rising software-related recalls and increasing regulatory scrutiny tell a […]

What Is IATF 16949 Standard? The IATF 16949 standard is the global benchmark for automotive quality management systems, built on ISO 9001 and tailored to the automotive supply chain. It defines how organizations design, develop, produce, install, and service automotive products while continually improving, preventing defects, and reducing variation and waste.  Standards often get a […]

When the Schedule Is “Managed” but Still Sinking Not everything can be turned into a process—especially in product development, where discovery and uncertainty are unavoidable. But there is a dangerous gap between acknowledging uncertainty and pretending it is under control. The image illustrates a familiar scenario: a project manager confidently “monitoring and controlling” while the […]

BOM Data Integrity in a “Post‑BOM” World (and Why I Disagree)   Reading “2026 – The year we have to unlearn BOMs!” immediately brought back decades of scars from broken configurations, field failures, and costly recalls rooted in poor BOM data integrity. The thesis that classic assemblies and traditional BOM thinking have become obsolete misses […]

When the Margin Is Unknown, Control Becomes Reaction Not everything can be turned into a process. This is especially true in early product development, where learning, discovery, and iteration dominate. However, when ambiguity persists beyond its appropriate stage—especially around dimensions, tolerances, and margins—organizations unintentionally transfer risk downstream. The image illustrates a simple truth: when the […]